Abstract

In response to rapid technological advancements, higher education institutions face an urgent need for innovative, competency-based learning systems to address workforce development challenges. This research aims to design and validate the competency-based MOOC system architecture using microlearning objects, referred to as the digital MicroLearn system architecture, to facilitate upskilling and reskilling for the industrial workforce. The study employs a mixed methods research (MMR) design comprising three phases: Phase 1, qualitative data were gathered through focus group discussions (FGDs) with experts and industry stakeholders to identify practical needs, challenges, and system requirements; Phase 2, design and validation of the system architecture; and Phase 3, expert review to assess the system's suitability. The findings highlight that the system capably supports competency-based microlearning activities, with Moodle as the core MOOC platform integrating H5P for interactive content, YouTube for video delivery, and cmi5 and xAPI for learner progress tracking via a Learning Record Store (LRS). The responsive interface ensures compatibility across devices, enhancing microlearning efficiency and learner engagement. Expert evaluations confirmed the architecture's suitability for industrial workforce development, with an overall mean score of 4.42 ± 0.48, indicating agreement. Future research should investigate the implementation of the system in real-world educational settings to assess its scalability and adaptability across diverse institutional contexts. Additionally, studies should examine its effectiveness in enhancing competency-based learning experiences and its long-term impact on institutional performance and learner outcomes.

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