Abstract

Eye movements are vitally important for living, survival and vision. A basic model of the eye,  including ocular muscles, is considered that may be essential for better understanding the optical and sensory apparatus involved in vision, perception, and processing and control machinery of human movement.
A state space model based on Newton-Euler formulation of the dynamics of the head and the eyeballs is presented that can be integrated with the dynamics of the skeletal system. The formulation allows integration of
Lyapunov stability, hypothesized  feedback mechanisms and inverse dynamics in more comprehensive neural processing models. Neural networks involved in saccades, gazes and dynamics of  specific  injuries, diseases and defects can be included in this formulation. The development allows a better understanding of the vision system as well as the neural and physiological elements  involved in perception and physical and mental skills. It is also relevant to the design of artificial eyes.

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