Publication Policies

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• Business Model
• Copyright Policy
• Open-access Policy
• Submission Policy
• AI Usage Policy
• Deposit Policy
• Advertising Policy
• Marketing Policy
• Waiver Policy
• Refund Policy

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Business Model

We follow the Gold Open Access way in journal publishing. Our revenue is mainly from the author fees.

Copyright Policy

Copyrights for articles are retained by the authors, with first publication rights granted to the journal/publisher. Authors have rights to reuse, republish, archive, and distribute their own articles after publication. The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. Authors shall permit the publisher to apply a DOI to their articles and to archive them in databases and indexes such as EBSCO, DOAJ, and ProQuest.

Open-access Policy

We follow the Gold Open Access way in journal publishing. This means that our journals provide immediate open access for readers to all articles on the publisher’s website. The readers, therefore, are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, link to the full texts or use them for any other lawful purpose. The operations of the journals are alternatively financed by fees/charges paid by authors or by their institutions or funding agencies.

All articles published are open-access articles distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license .

Submission Policy

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the authorities responsible where the work was carried out. However, we accept submissions that have previously appeared on preprint servers (for example: arXiv, bioRxiv, Nature Precedings, Philica, Social Science Research Network, and Vixra); have previously been presented at conferences; or have previously appeared in other “non-journal” venues (for example: blogs or posters). Authors are responsible for updating the archived preprint with the journal reference (including DOI) and a link to the published articles on the appropriate journal website upon publication.

The publisher and journals have a zero-tolerance plagiarism policy. We check the issue using two methods: a plagiarism prevention tool (iThenticate) and a reviewer check. All submissions will be checked by iThenticate before being sent to reviewers.

We insist a rigorous viewpoint on the self-plagiarism. The self-plagiarism is plagiarism, as it fails to contribute to the research and science.

AI Usage Policy

Authors are permitted to use AI tools for research assistance, data analysis, and language enhancement. However, all AI-generated content must be transparently disclosed in the manuscript, including the nature and extent of the AI's involvement. Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work. AI tools should not be listed as co-authors. Journals reserve the right to reject submissions where undisclosed or inappropriate AI usage is detected, to ensure compliance with ethical standards.

Deposit Policy / Archiving Policy

We follow Sherpa/Romeo's green archiving policy. Both pre-print and post-print or publisher's version/PDF can be archived, without restrictions.

Advertising Policy

We do not publish any commercial advertisements for revenue. However, we may publish the valuable academic information free of charge.

Marketing Policy

Any direct marketing activities, including solicitation of manuscripts that are conducted on behalf of the publisher and journal, shall be appropriate, well targeted, and unobtrusive. Information provided about the publisher or journal is expected to be truthful and not misleading for readers or authors.

Waiver Policy

We charge authors a fee for each article they publish. The charges vary from journal to journal; please find the exact amount required on the journal's webpage. This fee helps the open-access journals to cover their operational expenses. To avoid confusion and ensure fairness among customers, we do not waive or reduce fees/charges to anyone, including the editorial board member and the author of the special issue.

Refund Policy

We implement a reasonable refund policy based on the publishing status.

• Fully refund: online version is unpublished
• Half refund: online version is published and print version is unpublished
• No refund: both the online and print version are published