Abstract

This study employed a mixed-methods research design with the following objectives: 1) To investigate the opinions of teachers and students towards the problems of the online instructional setting. A questionnaire was designed based on four components: Course Introduction, Feedback and Learning Outcomes, Online Learning Organization, and Learning Support. Data were collected from a total of 310 teachers and administrators and 381 students, selected using Taro Yamane’s formula and the simple random sampling technique. 2) To develop management strategies for effective online instructional settings to enhance educational quality. In-depth data were gathered through a focus group discussion involving seven experts, who provided insights and validation for the proposed strategies, and 3) To evaluate the effectiveness of the management strategies for effective online instructional settings in improving educational quality. An evaluation instrument was developed to assess four dimensions of the strategies: Suitability Standards, Usefulness Standards, Feasibility Standards, and Accuracy Standards. Evaluations were conducted by the same panel of seven experts. All research instruments underwent content validation using the Index of Item–Objective Congruence (IOC) and reliability testing using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Quantitative data were analyzed using mean values (X̄, μ), standard deviations (S.D., σ), and correlation coefficients (Chi-square), while qualitative data were analyzed through both inductive and deductive approaches. Research results were as follows:

1) Teachers’ and Students’ Opinions on Online Instructional Settings. The results revealed that teachers reported greater concerns about online instruction than students did. The teachers’ mean score was 3.90 with a standard deviation of 1.02, while the students’ mean score was 3.77 with a standard deviation of 0.89. The correlation coefficients of opinions across all aspects were higher than 0.30, showing statistical significance at the 0.05 level.

2) Management Strategies for Effective Online Instructional Settings. The developed management strategies comprised four key strategies: Environmental Survey, Strategy Formulation, Strategy Implementation, Evaluation and Control.

3) Evaluation of the Management Strategy Standards. The evaluation results showed that all strategy standards were rated at the highest level, with a mean score of 4.55 and a standard deviation of 0.55.

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