Abstract

This research aimed to develop Virtual Online Classrooms (VOC) in the digital age using the Metaverse Spatial application (Metaverse Spatial) in the Algorithms and Programming subject for first-year computer studies students. The objectives were: (1) to evaluate the instructional efficiency based on the E1/E2 criteria of 80/80, (2) to compare students’ academic achievement before and after learning through VOC in the digital age, and (3) to assess students’ satisfaction with learning through VOC supported by Metaverse Spatial. The sample consisted of 46 first-year Computer Studies students who enrolled in the Algorithms and Programming subject during the second semester of the 2024 academic year. The sample was selected using cluster random sampling. The research instruments included a learning management plan, a 45-item achievement test, and a 25-item student satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean, percentage, and standard deviation. The results revealed that: (1) the instructional efficiency (E1/E2) met the criteria at 83/86.8, indicating improved learning outcomes; and (2) students’ academic achievement after instruction (x̅ = 39.05, S.D. = 1.49) was significantly higher than before instruction (x̅ = 21, S.D. = 2). This confirms the effectiveness of virtual classrooms using the Metaverse Spatial application in enhancing student learning.

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