Abstract

This study examines the management of vocational education at Community Learning Centers (CLCs) in Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on policy implementation, operational challenges, and learning outcomes. Using a qualitative research approach, the study conducted in-depth interviews with administrators, trainers, and learners to assess the effectiveness of vocational training during the crisis. Findings reveal that national policies on vocational education were inadequately implemented due to insufficient funding and technical support. Three learning models—onsite, online, and on-hand training—were employed; however, they faced significant limitations, including low learner participation, lack of digital infrastructure, and inadequate hands-on training opportunities. The pandemic severely impacted learning outcomes, with graduates reporting low levels of skill development, limited career opportunities, and increased job migration. Major challenges included the absence of a structured digital education platform, poor ICT proficiency among trainers and learners, and inadequate resources for practical training. The study highlights the urgent need for policy improvements, enhanced digital infrastructure, and targeted capacity-building initiatives to ensure equitable access to vocational education. These insights offer valuable recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to strengthen vocational education management and prepare for future disruptions in Cambodia’s non-formal education sector.

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