Abstract

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This study of biofilm column and multimedia filtration which consist of granular activated carbon (GAC)-biofilm configured up-flow fluidized expanded bed (UFEB) reactor and slow down-flow packed sand bed reactor. To empathize the effectiveness of the multimedia filter, the characteristics of the process in removing the recalcitrant organic compound were investigated. This multimedia filter was run in fluidized expanded bed with hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranged from 2-8 hours. The multimedia filter showed efficient performance with a removable of 75.49 % of iron (Fe₂⁺) and sulphate (SO₄^2-) 62.10 % was removed. More than 92.59 % of COD removal was achieved in this study. Besides that, this experiment also shows the good performance of ammonia (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃^-) and nitrite (NO₂^-) removals, which ammonia removal is 45.16 %, nitrate removal range from 51.76 % to 82.98 % and nitrite removal up to 65.93 % respectively without replenishment of external carbon source. The biomass attached to the GAC was originated from the rainwater range between 177mgl^-1 and 3886 mgl^-1.

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