Abstract

The article reviewed furrow irrigation of agricultural crops, as the most common method of surface irrigation, given its advantages and disadvantages. It is noted that in order to achieve uniform wetting of the soil water flow fed into the furrows is increased, while the excess water is collected at the end of the furrow, and then reset the bleed water collection network. The dependence of uniform wetting of the field on the length of the furrow, the water flow, soil fertility and slope areas. Noticed, that the loss of water in the discharge of up to 40% of the irrigation norms, especially characteristic fields slopes steep. It is noticed that the loss of water in the discharge of up to 40% of the irrigation norms, especially characteristic for fields with steep slopes. Blow-off water washes away the fertile soil from fertilizers applied to improve soil fertility and crop yields. It is shown that as a result of irrigation erosion are reduced not only agricultural yields, but also quality of products.

Keeping traditions furrow’s watering, ubiquitous in the Central Asian region, we have identified an opportunity to improve the technology of furrow irrigation on slop of the mountains fields, the strengths of which are water conservation, the preservation of fertility and other soil properties, the relevant environmental requirements.

At the cutting on the three-wheeled tractor furrows his rear wheel compared to the front more than compacted soil between rows, furrows and the soil located between the wheels, it is not compacted. For this reason, the water permeability of the soil of different grooves will vary accordingly the velocity of the water in the furrows, and the time until the end of the down hill furrow different. To address this shortcoming, it proposed to equip the new cultivator working organization in the form of additional wheels with different pitches density pattern on the tires, which will be left in the furrows respectively different path for the movement of water when watering. Irrigated water, moving the ejected trace left working organization will be overcome by a different path length in the furrows, but in the end comes at the same time different grooves. This allows the soil furrows evenly moistened, to the same start time of water in the furrows reduced accordingly reduced the feed water flow. The volume of waste water is also reduced, which prevents erosion of the soil. The advantages of this technology furrow irrigation on fields with large slopes.

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