Abstract

This study assessed the treatment outcomes of patients registered for anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment in the Karas Region, Namibia, through a 5-year quantitative retrospective cohort study. The analysis focused on successful outcomes, including cure and treatment completion, and unsuccessful outcomes, such as death, treatment failure, default, and loss to follow-up. Data from 200 adults co-infected with TB and HIV from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression, with systematic sampling applied for participant selection. Among the participants, 129 (60.0%) were cured, 30 (14.4%) completed treatment, 7 (3.4%) experienced treatment failure, 24 (11.5%) died, and 10 (4.8%) were lost to follow-up. Overall, 159 (79.5%) achieved successful treatment outcomes, while 41 (20.5%) had unsuccessful outcomes. The findings reveal that the treatment success rate in the Keetmanshoop Health District was below the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommended target of 90%, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve treatment adherence and outcomes in the region.

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