Abstract

In the contemporary era marked by the extensive utilization of data, information systems have been extensively embraced by global organizations and also hold a pivotal position in national defense and various other domains. The growing interconnectedness between individuals and diverse information systems has resulted in an intensified emphasis on the evaluation of potential risks. The mitigation of these dangers extends beyond simple technological solutions and includes established standards, legal structures, and policies, adopting a complete approach based on safety engineering concepts. This study aims to develop a robust framework for the harmonization of Information Technology Security Standards. It will explore prevalent techniques for conducting risk assessments and differentiate between quantitative and qualitative approaches to evaluation. Moreover, this study illustrates the combination of quantitative and qualitative evaluation methodologies, providing a comprehensive framework for the analysis and design of risk assessment. In addition, this study advances our understanding of INFOSEC risk assessment and contributes to the advancement of more efficient information security strategies by sharing global perspectives, addressing challenges in classification, clarifying the incorporation of Information Security Management Systems (ISMS), and highlighting the significance of Artificial Intelligence in the domain of Information Security (INFOSEC).

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