Abstract

Controlling the material and mental production, the ruling class is likely to keep reproducing the social relations and structure. By manipulating media and cultural systems, the ruling group constructs a dominating ideology and a desired hegemony, which help sustain the status quo. In this respect, the democratic and authoritative countries bear some similarities and differences. Notably, the mental production is sometimes dysfunctional, challenging the ruling class. In China, sometimes, the dysfunction takes the form of ideological struggles in terms of media and cultural production.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.