Abstract

We explain dark matter and dark energy by our previous construct of a combined spacetime 4-manifold "U3," which is the graph of a diffeomorphism from the particle universe "U1" to the wave universe "U2." Dark matter and dark energy exist respectively as standing waves and traveling waves in U2, while ordinary matter and light are "particle waves" in U3. As such, our model is founded upon the wave-particle duality.

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