Abstract

The success of immigrants in integrating into the workforce is crucial for Canada’s robust and diverse economy. This study undertakes a comprehensive examination of the determinants of economic integration among immigrants in Canada, with a specific emphasis on their earning potential. Recognizing the significance of immigrant integration for a thriving and diverse Canadian economy, this research endeavors to investigate the relationships between various socio-demographic, linguistic, and educational factors and the economic success of immigrants. Through a systematic review of 84 pertinent studies published between 2000 and 2022, this paper identifies three distinct categories of immigrants, which serve as the focal points of analysis: (1) permanent immigrants or landed immigrants, (2) temporary/non-permanent residents holding study permits, and (3) temporary/non-permanent residents holding work permits. By employing cluster analysis, this research aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the complex interplay between these factors and the economic outcomes of immigrants in Canada. This study contributes to the literature by offering a multidimensional framework for understanding the mechanisms that influence the economic integration of immigrants in Canada. The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and researchers, shedding light on the critical factors that facilitate or hinder the economic integration of immigrants in Canada, and ultimately informing strategies to promote their successful economic integration.

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