The Evaluation of Comprehensive Traits of Sugarcanes Cultivated in and Introduced by Guizhou Province with Grey Relation Degree Analysis

This paper evaluates the 7 kinds of comprehensive trait of 19 varieties of sugarcanes cultivated in Guizhou Province and introduced from other areas with grey relation degree analysis. The results show that Qiantang 4, QY07-01 and ROC 21 are the best sugarcanes with excellent characters; Qiantang 3 and Qiantang 5 are better ones similar to CK F134; QY07-02, Guitang 11, Yunzhe 03-422 and QY07-03 are poor ones that are unfit to be used as sugarcane and fruit sugarcane, but might be reserved in species resources.


Introduction
The comprehensive evaluation of new varieties of sugarcane is an important part of research.Such an evaluation plays a decisive role in the promotion of the plantation of the sugarcanes.This paper evaluates the comprehensive traits of the sugarcanes cultivated in and introduced by Guizhou Province with gray relation degree analysis (Jia, Z. K., 1988;Wu, M.S & Dai, J.R., 1999) for the first time.The quantitative evaluation will objectively reflect their degree of excellence in terms of the comprehensive traits.

Samples and Methods
There are 19 species of sugarcanes selected in the sample for the test including: 3 strains of sugarcanes that are Qiantang 3, Qiantang 4 and Qiantang 5 cultivated by Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops, and Luohanzhe that is locally grown, and Xuan 50, ROC21, ROC22、ROC26, QY07-01, QY07-02, QY07-03, QY07-04, QY07-05, Yunzhe 03-422, Yunzhe 99-91, Baxi 45, Guitang 11 and Ganzhe that are introduced by Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops.The sampled species are compared with CK F134 during the one year experiment.The test land is of yellow soil and the irrigation is normal.The sugarcanes are randomly planted in the test land.Each species of sugarcane occupies 18 m 2 in total and is separately planted in 3 areas each of which measures 1.2 m by width and 5m by length.The test land is managed in a normal way.The sugar contents analysis is carried out in the middle of November and the harvest time is in December.
The plant disease classification is modified based on Yi (2007) as follows.Grade 5: perfectly healthy; Grade 4: healthy with less than 25% of the surface exhibiting disease spots, the number of which varies from 1 to 25 in each leaf; Grade 3: basically healthy with 26% to 50% of the surface exhibiting disease spots, the number of which varies from 26 to 50 in each leaf; Grade 2: unhealthy with 51% to 75% of the surface exhibiting disease spots, the number of which varies from 51 to 75 in each leaf; Grade 1: very unhealthy with more than 75% of the surface exhibiting disease spots, the number of which exceeds 75 in each leaf; Grade 0: extremely unhealthy or totally diseased, in which condition, most of leaves are withered to death because of diseases.The analyzed traits of the study include the plant height, the stem diameter, the number of valid stalks, the sugar content, the disease resistance, the yields of the sugar and canes from the area of each 667m 2 .The data are processed with Microsoft Excel.

Results and Analysis
The average values of the comprehensive traits of the first year crops are listed as follows in table 1.In the table a series of values that are a little bigger than each max value are composing the coreference (C o ), and C i stands for species factor, in which i = (1,2,3….,19),and k stands for linear factors, in which k = (Plant height, stem diameter, number of valid stalks, the sugar content, the disease resistance, the yields of the sugar and canes ).Suggested by experts and combined with the practical conditions in Guizhou Province, the researcher endows some powers on the influences of the various species of sugarcanes to their comprehensive traits.
First of all, the researcher processes the data in table 1 with the dimensionless method calculate the absolute value of the difference between o C and i C , finally figures out correlation coefficients with the formula of , the correlational degrees between the sample species and the reference are listed in table 3. The table 3 shows the top 3 species of the sugarcanes in comprehensive traits are Qiantang 4, QY07-01 and ROC 21.They have stronger correlation to and quite agreement on the reference.Then Xuan 50, QY07-05 and Ganzhe are worse than the top 3 but are better than Qiantang 5, F134 and Luohanzhe.Also the table 1 shows similarly that the yields of the top 3 are Qiantang 4, QY07-01 and QY07-05.Then Ganzhe, Xuan 50 and ROC21 are worse than the top 3 but are better than Qiantang 5, F134 and Luohanzhe.

Conclusion
The above analyses show the 3 species of sugarcanes that are Qiantang 4, QY07-01 and ROC 21 have stronger correlation to and quite agreement on the reference in terms of their comprehensive traits.Being far better than F134 in their qualities, the 3 species of sugarcanes are suitable to be promoted in Guizhou Province.In particular, the Qiantang 4 cultivated and tested by Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops keeps stable in its comprehensive traits.The QY07-02, Guitang 11, Yunzhe 03-422, QY07-03 etc. are not so good in their comprehensive traits, and moreover their sugar contents are over high as fruit sugarcane, so they are not suitable to be promoted though they might be reserved in species resources.Qiantang 3 and Qiantang 5 drop down in the list of the comprehensive traits as sugar canes, but they are good as fruit sugarcanes, because Qiantang 5 is especially resistant to the diseases and Qiantang 3 tastes crispy and juicy.The locally grown Luohanzhe was of high quality as the fruit sugarcane 10 yeas ago, but damaged by disease and insect for years, it has degraded dramatically in its comprehensive traits.
In conclusion, the evaluation of comprehensive traits of sugarcanes with gray relation degree analysis is objective and feasible.It can boost up the degree of accuracy, validity and efficiency of the evaluation of the canes.The results of the evaluation with the gray relation degree analysis conform to the ones observed in the field.

Table 1 .
The average values of 7 comprehensive traits of sampled species from the 1 st year crops

Table 2 .
The grey correlation coefficients of the sampled species of sugarcanes in terms of Comprehensive traits

Table 3 .
The grey relation degrees between the sample species and the reference in order