Effect of Hydroxy ( HHO ) Gas Injection in a Gasoline Electric Generator for Rural Areas

This study aimed to evaluate how the HHO gas injection from an electrolyser, conventional bipolar type, works inside a motor-generator fueled with gasoline for utilization in rural areas. After the injection of HHO gas together with gasoline, the parameters of exhaust gases, exhaust temperature, pollution expelled, specific consumption of the engine and excess air, were checked and compared. The main results allowed the evaluation of the engine, when it was fueled with gasoline and HHO gas, which had a better performance than that when fed only with gasoline. The results showed that the engine consume less gasoline and generate fewer pollutant gases when in operation with the injection of HHO gas without the need of radical changes in the engine design.


Introduction
There are in Brazil approximately 25 million people living outside urban areas.Among them, 15% still live without access to the electricity in their homes and the vast majority lives in rural communities or in areas of difficult access.It has been estimated that there are 100,000 rural properties still without electricity in our country, depending, in large majority, on diesel generators for the production of electricity.To provide electric power for this population it would be necessary transport this energy in long transmission lines, but the cost of doing it, is too expensive.A solution for this impasse would be the generation of electric energy on a small scale, through distributed generation, supplied by small local hydroelectric plants or even internal combustion generators (Walter, 2000).
In places where there is no power grid from distributed generation and nor centralized generation, generation systems are used by internal combustion engines, also called motor-generator, where each unit generates from a few kilowatts to hundreds of watts, usually powered by gasoline, diesel, natural gas and others (Walter, Faaij, & Bauen, 2000).These motor-generators are also very common in rural areas where biodigester systems are used to that produce fuel gas for production of electric energy (Oliveira, 1997).However, these systems can produce harmful and pollutant gases to the environment, which can contribute to the reduction of the ozone layer of the planet.
The increasing demand for oil-based fuels and the reduction around the world of its production has led to the increase of the prices, promoting the search for other solutions that did not depend on hydrocarbons (Souza et al., 2003;Maizonnasse, Plante, & Laflamme, 2013).Researchers seek for an alternative fuel that can be used in engines without the need for major mechanical changes (Bose, Banerjee, & Deb, 2011).An alternative, would be gaseous hydrogen, pressurized, to be used as fuel for internal combustion engines (Saravanan & Nagarajan, 2011) or hydrogen from electrolytic reactions by separation of the water molecules (Verhelst & Wallner, 2009;Vandenborre, Sierens, & Greenbus, 1996;Rimkus et al., 2013).
According to recent studies, there are some advantages, such as improved engine power, reduction in pollutant concentrations expelled in the exhaust and the reduction in specific consumption (Maken, 2003).An alternative

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Results
In  Results with gasoline with HHO addition were satisfactory for all the parameters verified in the study.It is worth noting the reduction of specific fuel consumption when adding HHO gas in gasoline.

Conclusion
They were obtained in this study the effects of HHO gas to be injected into a Toyama motor-generator, model TF1200.The gas was generated through an electrolyser and inserted directly into the intake valve with the aid of a gas gun.The gases expelled by the engine were quantified by gas analyzer, which enabled the following conclusions: There was increasing the engine speed after insertion of the HHO gas, due to the increase of the calorific value of the fuel mixture, air and HHO.
There was an increase in combustion efficiency, while reducing specific fuel consumption reached 16.6%.
In conclusion, there was a reduction in the temperature of the exhaust gases.
After insertion, HHO decreased concentration of the exhaust gases.
With HHO gas injection engine remain in working arrangements with excess fuel or rich burning.
HHO gas when injected into a Toyama motorcycle generator TF1200 is a good alternative for rural areas, especially in isolated regions.
It is suggested that in motors with mechanical control system be made the adjustment of the carburetor to achieve the reduction in specific consumption.
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