The Application of the Analytic Network Process in Evaluating Assets Management of the Institution of Higher Education

After the accumulation and development of a long time, Our institutions of higher education has developed considerable quantity of state-owned assets, which provide effective physical protection for finishing the task of teaching and research, production, administration and logistics service. At present, due to the scale expansion, most institutions’ of higher education capital and financial situation is not optimistic. It is a practical and pressing problem to ensure the health development of institutions of higher education using the limited funds. School property is the common property of the country and the people, and is the important security for school to engaging teaching and scientific research. To improve the efficiency and quality of instruction and promote the sustainable development of school, we must accomplish the management work of the state-owned property. Therefore, it becomes more and more important to evaluate the level of assets management in institution of higher education. This text established the index system of evaluating assets management of institutions of higher education and then evaluate the management level of assets management in institution of higher education through ANP in order to promote institutions of higher education to aware of its own level of assets management and to take further measures to improve their level of assets management and then promote their sustainable development.


Introduction
After the accumulation and development of a long time, Our institutions of higher education has developed considerable quantity of state-owned assets, which provide effective physical protection for finishing the task of teaching and research, production, administration and logistics service.At present, due to the scale expansion, most institutions' of higher education capital and financial situation is not optimistic.It is a practical and pressing problem to ensure the health development of institutions of higher education using the limited funds.School property is the common property of the country and the people, and is the important security for school to engaging teaching and scientific research.To improve the efficiency and quality of instruction and promote the sustainable development of school, we must accomplish the management work of the state-owned property.Therefore, it becomes more and more important to evaluate the level of assets management in institution of higher education.This text established the index system of evaluating assets management of institutions of higher education and then evaluate the management level of assets management in institution of higher education through ANP in order to promote institutions of higher education to aware of its own level of assets management and to take further measures to improve their level of assets management and then promote their sustainable development.

The theoretical introduction of ANP
The Analytic Network Process is a new and practical decision method developing on the basis of AHP.It is eliminated by Professor T.L. Saaty.It is a decision method which adapts the independent class structure.It takes feedback and dependent among levels and internal elements into account on the basis of AHP, researches deeply on the sorting methods of the super-matrix and the margin of the super-matrix methods of the feedback system, and determines the weight coefficients of indexes.
The difference between ANP and AHP lies in that the model established by ANP is network process structure while the model established by AHP is hierarchical structure.In a network process structure, each node denotes an element or an assembly of element, and each element or each assembly of elements in the system may affect each other.This enables the calculation procedures of ANP be more complicated.In addition, the policy principles of both methods are basically the same.Both need firstly establishing a structural model on the basis of detailed analysis on the question, secondly building a matrix of judge of each two indexes, thirdly calculating the relative weight.

Evaluation Index System of Assets management in institutions of higher education
It is necessary to establish the evaluation index system of Assets management in institutions of higher education in order to evaluate the level of assets management in institution of higher education with ANP.This text evaluates the level of assets management in institution of higher education in such three aspects as input of assets management, efficiency of assets management and output of assets management.

Input of assets management
There are many indexes that influence the input of assets management in institutions of higher education, in which we select three factors as personnel, capital and equipment.

Efficiency of assets management
The efficiency of assets management, which is in relation to the transformation of the input of assets management to the output of assets management, is essential to assets management in institutions of higher education and is usually analyzed in four aspects such as the purchase of assets, the use of assets, the maintenance of assets and the disposal of assets.

Output of assets management
In order to increase the economic and social benefit of asset management in institutions of higher education, the purpose of the input of assets management in institutions of higher education is to have the corresponding output.Asset management output is usually analyzed from three aspects such as students intake and employment opportunities among graduates, that is, talent training, teaching and research results of teachers, and economic performance of the industry.
Specifically, the evaluation index system of assets management in institutions of higher education is established as that in table 1.

Building the network process structure model
According to the above evaluation Index System of assets management in institutions of higher education, this text sets up the network process structure model as that in figure 1 which looks on the level of the asset management in institutions of higher education as control layer and the rest indexes as network layer.

Building a matrix of judge of each two indexes
Every factor in each layer which is related with a certain factor in the higher layer is compared with each other according to the importance, or the usefulness of a certain index in each scheme layer is compared, and then a matrix of judge of each two indexes is formed(as in table 2).If there are n indexes that are in for comparison, then A= ( ij At the norm of the asset management level of institutions of higher education, the input of assets management is compared with efficiency of assets management and output of assets management, and then a matrix of judge of each two indexes is shown in table 3. The data in table 3 are formed through the questionnaire survey to expert, which reflect their opinion on the relative importance of the elements; The relative weight is calculated by the software of matlab and normalized.

Building the ultra matrix and the weighted ultra matrix of ANP structure
Besides the control layer, there are three elements set in the network layer including the set of asset management input, asset management efficiency and asset management output.A matrix of judge of each two indexes is built respectively at the norm of the level of assets management in institutions of higher education and the secondary norm of the elements in the elements set.For example, at the norm of personnel, a matrix of judge of each two indexes in the set of efficiency of assets management is shown in table 4. The relative weights form the subset of the ultra matrix The ultimate weight between the interaction factors is calculated with the ultra matrix in ANP.The ultra matrix is a separate matrix.The data in table 5 form the ultra matrix which is made of 20 eigenvector of the interacting elements which is compared with each other.
The middle 4 data in the first column of table 5 are from the weight between each elements calculated in table 4(in the last column in table 4).We can build such ultra matrix as table 5.This matrix is not a normalization matrix.Therefore, at the norm of assets management level in institutions of higher education, the importance of each group of elements to the rule is compared with each other.The weight of each group of elements is supposed to be 0.3333, so we can get the following ultra matrix as in table 6.This matrix is a random matrix.
The weighted ultra matrix is evolved 2k+1 times, k approaches to the infinite, and the results achieved.Then a long-term stability matrix is formed.The nonzero value in every row of the ultra matrix is equal.Then the value of the corresponding array of the original matrix is the stability weight of every evaluation index to the object, which is shown in the margin ultra matrix in table 7.
It can be seen from the data in table 7 that talent training is mast important to the level of assets management in institutions of higher education, then capital input, the use of assets, the maintenance of assets, personnel input, teaching and research results, the disposal of assets, equipment input, economic performance of the industry and the purchase of assets.Each institution of higher education should take main measures to improve the level of assets management in institutions of higher education to further enhance the usage efficiency of assets on the basis of its practical factors and the degree of each factor influencing the level of assets management in institutions of high education.

Conclusion
Evaluating the level of assets management in institutions of higher education with ANP can embody accurately and completely the related degree between each index.The degree of each index's influence on the level of assets management in institutions of higher education can be confirmed by the weight and then the main factor can be found to provide according basis to improve the level of assets management in institutions of higher education.At the same time, the implication of the software of Matlab makes it operable to evaluate the level of assets management in institutions of higher education with ANP.The disposal of Table 5.The ultra matrix between elements at the norm of assets management level in institutions of higher education a ) n nu , in this equation, ij a denotes the important point of i A and j A are compared with each other based on the rule of i B .

Figure
Figure 1.The network process structure model

Table 2 .
Meanings of ij

Table 4 .
A matrix of judge of each two indexes in the set of assets management efficiency at the norm of personnel

Table 6 .
The weighted ultra matrix between elements at the norm of assets management level in institutions of higher education

Table 7 .
The margin ultra matrix