The Research of the Crisis Pre-Warning Management System under the Particularity of Nationalities Universities and Colleges

The nationalities universities and colleges set up the crisis pre-warning management system, not only related to the management of our nationalities universities and colleges and their growth, but also related to the country's national unity plan in some way. However, because of minority students in the particularity of the national cultural beliefs, the ethnic and religious values, sense of national identity and national belonging sense. The system of ethnic universities is different from the regular universities. Thus, we should pay attention to particularities in every aspect of the system, and go to establish the crisis warning management system which consistent with the characteristics of the ethnic universities.


The characteristic of nationality and the particularity of nationality universities and colleges
In ethnic relations, minority students, as one of more sensitive groups, have more power to collect and distribute the information.While its unique national consciousness, national psychology, religion beliefs and sense of culture crisis and so on, they can be agitated and bewitched by outside both mentally and spiritually, which determines the specificity of crisis management of nationality colleges and universities.We believe that the following particularities should be held in the establishing crisis pre-warning management system of nationality colleges and universities.

The particularity led by ethical economy
Most of the minorities are located in border areas, in which the ecological environments are relatively poor, coupled with the historical reasons, making the economic development in minority areas has remained relatively low level.In 2003, the minority areas accounted 45% of the poverty people whose food and clothing problems are still unresolved, and the rate of poverty occurrence in minority areas is 7.3%, which is higher than national level.The differences of science, education and other social undertakings are also expanding.Besides, the overall education level in those areas are low, especially the deficiency investment of basic education.It is proved that the majority student whose knowledge is instability can not keep up with the teaching schedule, as well as teaching methods.Meanwhile, the restrictions of family economic conditions make them drop behind the Han nationality and urban students in knowledge, expertise and so on, resulting in a lack of self-confidence of minority college students.In some case, the national inferiority may be translated into the incentive which will lead to a sudden nationality crisis.

The particularity induced by national culture
In the long history development, the Chinese national culture has gradually formed unique national cultures.With the development of society and the pervasion of mainstream culture, the attitudes and adaptation degree of minority students to different cultures have produced conflict, and easy get into the assimilation or nationality bias, leading to crisis.Furthermore, the different custom made some students don't understand other national customs and habits, or make the colleges and universities do not expressed the due attention and respect to the national culture.For example, a middle school at the city of French Watts province requested three Tunisia students to quit school, because they wore veils to school.Wearing veils is the custom of Arab woman; as a result, the discriminatory measure immediately brought the anger and protests of local Arab.In logistics work, although the nationality university has established special national restaurant, but food quality is not good, and some cooks have no ideas about the national diet culture.

particularity induced by national religious values
According to statistics, the population of all kinds of religious Christians in china is more than 100 million, including more than 260 million minority Christians, which is more than the 25% of the total religious population, while the population of minority just accounts 8.41% of the total population.In recent years, some of the emergencies involving national relationship were resulted by misunderstanding, for individual media and people don't understand the minorities religious.The "Tibet independence" and "Eastern Turkistan" terrorists also deceive the minority nationalities in the name of religious.The two social investigations arming at the religious values of Hun nationality teenagers, conducted by Wan Ming-gang in 2002, showed that the influence of religion in adolescence are getting weaker due to the change of social trends and the decline of religious prestige.But due to the influence of family, monasteries, schools and communities to the growth of teenagers, the religion also affect the student's religious thinking and behavior habits profoundly.The students in nationality colleges and universities learn and live together, so it will inevitably involve religion and religious culture conflict.Religious culture conflict is also one of the inducements of the university crisis management.

particularity induced by the sense of national self-identity
The sense of national self-identity is the attitudes to self-national (in groups) and other national (outside groups), beliefs, sense of belonging and behavioral involvement, as well as the sense of identity to national culture, national language and national history etc. this consciousness is formed in the process of national interaction betweens nationality members, and based on the reflection and consideration to their national identity.The national consciousness is growing due to the increase of minorities contraction, and the self-esteem of nationality colleges students are improved obviously.They pay more attentions to the development of self-nationality and real benefit with a strong sense of national self-identity.As a result, the national minority college students have a positive national attitude, and fell pride to their national identity.But in some case, this attitude may be developed into a "sense of exclusivity," the over "assumption" would allow some students to boost some common events to national relations.If this kind of negative effects of national consciousness was used by saboteurs, it could easily be transferred in to things that could damage the national development and the interests of the country.

The particularity caused by national psychology
The psychology of minority students is more sensitive than the Han nationality students due to various reasons, so they are more easily strict to the issues of living habits etc. Besides, the big and small side problems which were caused by national psychology arise frequently, because the university does not provide enough communication platforms to students from different nationality.Reflected in the performance of some minority students, the representations are: they will fell offensive if the way of their daily life, customs has been neglected; they will fell incomprehensible if other people are curious about their language; they can not tolerate the slightly different views on their mentality.just as the old saying that the devil is in the details, the small contradictions would be shaped in to major contradiction which can damage the tranquilization by slow accumulation.In the daily management, the nationality colleges and universities need to start from the trivial to avoid the occurrence of a major crisis.Due to the above particularity of nationality colleges and universities and a high degree of consistency of minority students, the crisis management of nationality colleges and universities need to be in depth and comprehensive, rather than "one size fits all".Otherwise, the underestimation of these particularities may make a loophole in the pre-warming system.Meanwhile, the much emphasis could cause national political sensitivity that go against the national unity.

The establishment of the crisis pre-warning management system under the particularity of Nationalities universities and colleges
Crisis pre-warning system is a set of signals that can induce the crisis coming and judge the system which between these signals and the crisis in order to discover the crisis as soon as possible.the crisis pre-warning management system of nationalities universities and colleges are composed of 4 sub-systems, which is management system of warning index, collecting system of warning information, analyzing and distinguishing system of warning level, and issuing system of warning level.

Warning index system
Warning index system of ethnic university is set based on the analysis system model of harmonious national relationship , the investing report of psychological spot -check carried out in national ethnic university students by WangJun who wrote the book Cultural Heritage and Educational Choosing , and The Research and Practice Nationality University Student Thought Political Work in New Time in 2005 which described the thought situations of southwest nationality university students, Each theory connotation of index and specific measurable index are as follows:

National economic index
The national economy index mainly inspects and reflects possible crisis coming under the condition of individual consumption and household income difference of nationality university students.Our economy in backland develops faster than minority areas because the difference of historical and natural condition.Our country is of cultural tradition that is said "not worry few but inequality."The people's psychology bearing capacity is poor for the income differences, which also happens on ethnic university students and other students, which may cause the imbalance of psychology or not to be balanced, or transform to disaffection and hate for society.
The measurable index and weight: (1) Consumption per head level of minority university students (3); (2) The difference of consumption per head between minority university students and the Han nationality students (3); (3) Household income level of minority university students (3); (4)Implement situation of allowance policy for minority university students from nation or government.(3); (5) The employment ratio between minority university students and national average (3).

National culture index
The national culture index is mostly about possible coming crisis of minority university students that national culture conflict caused.Minority university students is the elites of nations, their energy is full and thought is active, easy to accept the new things, so that they can promote the development and extension of their nation, they are outstanding successor.Thus, they know how to recognize the culture manner of respective nation and possible crisis when they face cultural conflict or concrete national contradiction of customs and habits.
The measurable index and weight: (1) Culture curriculum situation of national culture in university (3); (2) National customs and habits as well as development frequency of popularized activities (3); (3) Bilingual ability of national university students (3); (4) Occurred frequency of national culture activities in university.(National dance, language, sported.)(3); (5) Arising frequency of national contradictory events of customs and habits (2).

The national religious index
The national religious index primarily reflects and sees about the influence on minority students from national religion consciousness, and the possible crisis for self-awareness of religion.National religious of minority is small, which is easy to be neglected and invaded by external people, and religion consciousness of minority students is higher than other students so that their religious behavior and attitude are very firm.National religion plays a role of spiritual returning and soul conciliation when their mind world is not harmony.So different religious beliefs are easy to cause crisis.
The measurable index and weight: (1) The ratio of religious belief of minority university students to university average (2); (2) The satisfied degree of religious belief of freedom from minority university students.(4); (3) The active degree of religious assembly (3); (4) The times of religious conflict and the number of participation (4); (5)The influence degree of reactionary religious group (including extremism group of overseas religion) (3).

The national identification index:
National identification index mainly inspects that the minority students how to see their ethnic identity, or choose what nation crisis tags.In 2000, the research on ethnic and national identity attribution by Hunter and Reed shows that: one part of the national members have strong national self-esteem, achievement awareness and ethnic identity, showing a group of internal and external group rejection preference; another part of the national members to bring about inferiority, pessimistic, negative attitude and negative identity due to the weakness and disadvantage of the nationality.The two extremes are both easy to produce crisis.

The national psychological index
National psychological index mostly reflects the sensitivity sense of related events and possible crisis on the condition of consciousness difference of minority university students.The cross-cultural researchers think that the consciousness difference plays an important influence on social consequences of minority university students, for they know they are small when nation difference appears.So their psychologies are more sensitive than others and have strong reflection of nation attitude from the crowd.
The measurable index and weight: (1) The proportion of the people with strong consciousness difference (3); (2) The tolerated extent of nation discrimination (5); (3) The tolerated extent of national culture conflict ( 5); (4) The sensitive degree of nation attitude from teachers and students (3); (5) The satisfied extent of nation relation stressed by university (2).

The external environment index:
The external environment index totally reflects the possible coming crisis from minority university students for social environment which includes nation policy, social attitude of social mainstream and national events.In 2008, the event of Tibetan separatists who destroyed the Olympic torch rose bad influence and concern in the world, even more evidence show that the Tibetan separatists have done bad activities in university.As university students, we how to see these things rationally when social accusable continuously appears, our sensitive mind whether make change The measurable index and weight: (1) The identity of Chinese nation (3); (2) The identity of our country (3); (3) The satisfied degree of national economic development (3); (4) The satisfied degree of the implementation of national preferential policy (2); (5) The sensitive degree of national emergent events (3); (6) The degree of satisfaction of the actual situation of national relations (3); (7) Opposite ideology permeability (3).
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The system of information gathering
This part mainly about information gathering according to pre-warning index system above and the content is comprehensive and specific.The construction and operation of system of crisis information gathering needs to pay attention to three aspects: 2.2.1 Establishing the channel of information gathering.We can not acquire information from statistic report forms or statistic institution gathering by conventional system for various reasons.So it is necessary to set up a specialized information channel according to the content of index system that can meet specific need and form special, smooth and reliable system of information gathering.

2.2.2
Information gathering should concern the three aspects: individual, school and society.The individual aspect generally refers to psychological problems of minority students, it is easy to cause problems when they enter the mainstream culture system and face continuous culture adaption , test and nation reorganization; The school aspect is about the unequal phenomena occurred for the poor management process in university , as a result the crisis appear and shackle of management ; Social aspect means all kinds of dynamic thought and crisis symptom information when related nation events occurred in society influence nation university students.. 2.2.3 Doing well information junior process.Pre-warning index system of nation university includes compound index based on original index synthesis and need the people who have the ability of identifying the data and operating computer to carry out.

The analysis system of crisis level
The analysis system of crisis level need to go through two stages: statistical analysis of and experts identify judgment: 2.3.1 Mathematical and statistical analysis.It mainly counts information gathered according to pre-warning index by comprehensive evaluation method, and put the results into relative warning area.(Warning area is arranged artificially in advance, such as warning degree is expressed in order by green, blue, yellow, orange, red, and so on) .These work can be operated not only by hand but also by compute.But in the long run, index system should be adjusted in different stage in view of the fact that the index system needs more data, and the things of every year should to be compared dynamically.Therefore it is sound and economic to establish the system of mathematical and statistical analysis if the condition exists.
2.3.2Identifying judgment of experts.The computer can't completely replace the work of brain; especially the experts from every field need to analyze the warning limit of every index and warning situation appeared at any time.So we should build expert storeroom to carry out the investigation of Delphic method by internet and achieve intellectualized interaction between people and compute, the advice of warning reorganization and judgment can be in accordance with factual institution.

The distribution system of warning level
The distribution system of warning level means output system of warning and its function is to send alarm to potential victims by using proper measure in right time.We must confirm the scope and object of alarm according to warning level in the crisis management of Nation University, especially alarm scope and object are not to be expanded to avoid the unnecessary reaction and panic and ripple effect that larges the crisis and danger.
The specific forms of warning level distribution means labels which like signal lights of traffic control is regarded as waning signals, and directly reflect the counted result of data management system and analysis from experts.For example, according to international practice, "green area" shows without warning," blue area" shows trivial warning , "yellow area" means moderate warning , "orange area" means severe warning and "red area" means gigantic warning.
Assessment and prediction is main function of distribution system of warning level, the former is the alarm signal sent after assessing the reality of social stability in ethnic university; The latter is the forecasting alarm signal sent according to the prediction of experts and simulation of future change.Thus managers can predict and judge according to the development of ethnic university and make corresponding decision.

The problems that we should stress in constructing and operating pre-warning system of crisis of ethnic university
Comparing to the normal university, pre-warning system of crisis of ethnic university is constructed and operated on the condition of nation relation, so we put forward the problems stressed as follows: 3.1 Grasping the pre-warning management system of crisis based on concentrated and multilateral ethnic relation Ethnic university as a special carrier gathers the elites from 56 ethnic groups and forms a highly concentrated and multilateral ethnic relation.In the special environment of ethnic relation, "ethnic relation" is not merely means the relationship between Han Nationality and minority nationality, but also the relationship among ethnic minorities, thus constituting a multilateral ethnic relationship.Now, China is a period of social transition, many new trends of thought, cultural, belief and value interaction strongly influence the thought and belief of ethnic university students in a very complex way, and the reason for crisis and probability caused may be higher normal university.Thus, higher demand is put forward in pre-warning management of ethnic university.In this paper, the design of pre-warning management system in ethnic is only preliminary, which need the managers and researcher of ethnic university to put into practice and continuously explore, deepen and complete it according to concentrated and multilateral ethnic relation.

Strengthening the sensitivity of the pre-warning information of crisis and preventing "allergic reaction"
The proper principle of establishing pre-warning system of crisis in ethnic universities is very important.Because not all conflicts or crisis happened in ethnic university are related to ethnic problems or crisis.For example, general interpersonal problems and civil disputes may influence the social stability of schools more or less; ethnic relationship belongs to anther character problem.So we should tell the difference between them, we should not confuse them, but also we should prevent the former the latter on certain condition.Thus, index built, information gathered, warning judged and alarm sent should be paid attention, especially to prevent sensitive attitude for ethnic relation and regarding the general social problems in ethnic university as ethnic relation to solve basely as a result to expand the problem of "national relation".

Training specialized managers of national relation in the combination of theory and practice
Chinese ethnic contradictions have never stopped in history, and the management of ethnic relation is still a prominent problem in every history stage.Yet the specialized managers of pre-warning crisis about national relation are scarce, so we should train some specialized managers of pre-warning crisis about national relation.Ethnic university exists special condition with theoretical study and practice of pre-warning management, so we should train some professional or part-time people according to factual things who can apply management system of pre-warning crisis by using the advantage of intelligence resource and nation gathering of national university, and sett up special courses about pre-warning management of ethnic relation.We should support management system of pre-warning crisis in the aspects of theoretical research and practical operation, also it train special managers of pre-warning crisis of national relation, which perfects the mechanism and guarantees the development of harmony nation relation .
In short, the minority university students are the hopes that nation develop harmoniously in future.Implementing pre-warning management of crisis in ethnic university, we can find the problems of management and teaching in ethnic university and solve the problems to make the minority university students develop better.Furthermore, it can help minority university students to grasp the life direction properly and treat the national relationship rationally when their thoughts are not mature so as to make contribution to developing our nation and uniting other nations.