Situations and Needs for Developing Desirable Characteristics of Students in the New Normal Era under the Secondary Educational Service Area

Desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal Era in educational institutions are important mechanism that will bring success and enhance student learning quality. This independent study aims to (1) study the current and desirable conditions in developing desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal. (2) To assess the need to develop desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal. This study’s sample consisted of 319 school administrators and teachers with the determination sample size using percentages selected by Stratified Random Sampling. The tools used in the study were (1) a questionnaire on current conditions in the development of desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal with the Index of item Congruence (IC) between .80 - 1.00, the discrimination between .46 - .73, and the reliability of .93; and (2) a questionnaire on the desirable conditions for the development of desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal of item Congruence (IC) between .80 - 1.00, the discrimination between .30-.89, and the reliability of .94. The statistics employed in data analysis were percentage, mean, and standard deviation, and the modified priority need assessment index (PNI Modified ). The results revealed that (1) The current condition in the development of the desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal era was at a high level and the overall desirable condition was at the highest level. (2) Necessary needs for the development of desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal. It was found that the aspects that were higher than the overall value were ordered in descending order of need. There are 2 aspects that are higher than the overall value, namely, the 4th aspect, creating innovation, equal to 0.385, and the 6th aspect, recognizing and appreciating oneself and others, equaling 0.363, respectively.


Introduction
Problems of the school under the secondary education under the secondary educational service area off Nakhon Pranom have reviewed the results of the analysis of the organization's environment.This is in order to find answers that will lead to management success.Study and find reasons for various factors that affect the operations of the organization using the analysis SWOT analysis consider the external environment.CPEST that there are any issues that are opportunities or forces that facilitate management.And were there any issues that were a threat or an obstacle.It was found that obstacle issues Parents don't have time.Due to changing economic and social conditions, the learners are diverse and have different knowledge bases during the coronavirus outbreak.Parents are increasingly burdened with taking care of their children during online learning.Students must help their parents during online learning resulting in not studying full-time parent, and Students and communities still lack understanding.and readiness in many ways Aspects related to online learning and worry about their child's learning include school evaluation measures and Lack of training on desirable characteristics of students This causes various problems such as Students are not interested in studying Lack of responsibility and discipline Living a life of sufficiency and having public consciousness and other desirable student characteristics (The secondary educational service area office in Nakhon Phanom, 2022) The secondary educational service area off Nakhon Pranom includes Secondary schools In Nakhon Phanom Province, totaling 51 schools.Has a role in promoting and organizing education to students thoroughly have quality according to basic education standards and have knowledge and morality.Therefore, it is necessary to determine strategies for cultivating morality.A sense of Thai nationality and a way of life according to the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy By setting the main focus on children who are smart, good, have life skills, and are happy.Cultivate students to have desirable characteristics in good life skills by allowing every school under its jurisdiction to organize activities to enhance morality, ethics, and desirable characteristics.Awareness of the Thai nation, adhere to the institutions of the nation, religion, and monarchy and democratic governance with the King as Head of State.It has established guidelines for management and operations for the students under its responsibility.Must receive equal rights and opportunities in education, covering all areas (The secondary educational service area office in Nakhon Phanom, 2022) and The secondary educational service area office in Nakhon Phanom has developed "NKP Education 4.0 Model" To be used as the main tool for raising the quality of education in affiliated agencies Emphasis is placed on having desirable characteristics.and have skills accordingly 3Rs8Cs namely Reading, Writing and Arithmetics, Critical Thinking and Problem problem-solving, Creativity and Innovation Cross-cultural Understanding, Collaboration Teamwork and Leadership, Communications, Information and Media Literacy Computing and ICT Literacy, Career, and Learning Skills Compassion, kindness, discipline, morality, ethics, and volunteerism provide a safe space in which to live life.(The secondary educational service area office in Nakhon Phanom) Therefore, from studying information on morality and desirable characteristics of students concerning operations in developing the desired characteristics of students in educational institutions According to the strategic policy of the Office of the Basic Education Commission of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office and the problems that arise the researchers saw that this was a very important problem.Therefore, he is interested in studying the desired characteristics of students in educational institutions The secondary educational service area off Nakhon Pranom includes a Secondary school In Nakhon Phanom Province This will help to obtain empirical data and information about the condition and necessary needs for the development of desirable characteristics of students So that relevant agencies can know and use the information to find ways to develop the desired characteristics of students to be more efficient in the future.

Research Objective
The objectives of this Research and Development were to: (1) To study the current and desirable conditions in developing desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal.
(2) To assess the need to develop desirable characteristics of students in the New Normal.

Research Method
There are four steps in research and development, as follows: Step 1. Study about Conditions and needs necessary for developing desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office.According to the 6 skills framework, collected from a sample of 319 people.
Step 2. Assessment of needs, conditions, and needs necessary for the development of desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office.Use information from the study of the current condition and the desired condition to find the adjusted need prioritization index using the formula Modified Priority Needs Index (PNI Modified ) to prioritize needs.

Results
Results of the study: Conditions and needs necessary for developing desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office.The summary of the study results is as follows: 1) Current conditions in the development of desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office.Overall, it is at a high level.When considering each aspect, the aspect with the highest average is patriotism, religion, and the king and the side with the lowest average is Awareness and appreciation of oneself and others.
2) Desired conditions for developing desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office Overall, it is at the highest level.When considering each aspect, the side with the highest mean value was honesty and integrity, and the side with the lowest mean value was awareness and appreciation of oneself and others.
3) Assessing the needs needed to develop the desired characteristics of students in the new normal era In the educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office, it was found that the areas with values higher than the overall values, arranged in order of necessity from greatest to least, were thinking, doing, creating innovation.Awareness and appreciation of oneself and others Honest, eager to learn, love the nation, religion, and the king and commitment to work respectively.

Discussion
From the study of Necessary conditions and needs.Necessary conditions and needs in developing desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office.The results of the study found that there were interesting points.The results were discussed as follows: I) Current conditions in the development of desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office.
1) Current conditions in the development of desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office.Overall, it is at a high level.When considering each aspect, the aspect with the highest average is patriotism, religion, and the king and the side with the lowest average is Awareness and appreciation of oneself and others which are the desired characteristics of students according to the Basic Education Core Curriculum (2008).There are 8 desirable characteristics: Emphasis was placed on the desirable characteristics of love for the nation, religion, and the king.Refers to desirable characteristics that express being a good citizen of the nation Preserve the Thai nation Faith adheres to religion and respect and honor the monarchy People who love the nation, religion, and the king a people who have characteristics that demonstrate being a good citizen of the nation There is unity, harmony, pride, and glorification of the Thai nation.Behave according to the principles of the religion you believe in.and show loyalty to the monarchy which is consistent with Chantima's (2017) research.Study on developing a model for promoting characteristics desirable for the ASEAN Social and Cultural Community (ASCC) For students at high school Under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office 39 The results of the study found that the desirable characteristics consist of 6 characteristics: 1) Loyalty to the nation, religion, and the king 2) Discipline 3) Diligence and determination in work 4) Public consciousness 5) Analytical thinking Make decisions and solve problems creatively.6) Awareness and appreciation of oneself and others and the Bureau of Academic Affairs and Educational Standards (2017), it has been said that desirable characteristics include: 1) Have love for the nation, religion, and the king.2) Be honest, sacrifice, and patient.3) Be grateful to your parents, guardians, and teachers.4) Pursue knowledge, and diligently study both directly and indirectly.5) Preserve the beautiful Thai culture and traditions.6) Have morals and maintain honesty, wish good to others, be generous, and share.7) Understand and learn how to be a democracy with the King as the correct head of state.8) Be disciplined, and respect the law, young people know how to respect elders.9) Be mindful, know how to think, know how to act, know how to follow.His Majesty the King's Royal Speech His Majesty King Rama IX 10) Know how to live by using the philosophy of sufficiency economy.11) Have strength in body and mind.12) Consider the interests of the public.
2) Desired conditions for developing desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office Overall, it is at the highest level.When considering each aspect, the aspect with the highest average is honesty and integrity, and the aspect with the lowest average is Awareness and appreciation of self and others.Entering a new way of life from the idea of Brahmaputra (2020), it is a new way of life that is different from the past.This is because something has affected the patterns and practices that people in society are normally familiar with and could have anticipated in advance.It must change to a new normal under new and unfamiliar standards.This new way of life consists of a way of thinking, a way of learning, a way of communicating, a way of operating and managing.A new way of living arises.After one great and drastic change occurred causing humans to adapt to cope with the present situation rather than maintaining traditional ways or looking back to the past the term emerged after the global economic recession of the early 21st century (2007)(2008).There has been a major change in the economic system.Some management which was previously considered abnormal has returned to being something that is commonly seen and has been used in other contexts such as science.To communicate and understand climate change such as rising temperatures and seasonal changes."New Normal" In the context of the COVID-19 outbreak situation from the end of 2019 to 2020, it can be described as a situation that occurred quickly and was so severe that it spread to countries around the world.Many people are sick and dying, until it became another great loss for humanity.Humans therefore need to protect themselves in order to survive by changing their living habits that deviate from the old way of life by adjusting to a new way of living, to be safe from infection along with efforts to maintain and restore economic and business potential.Leads to the creation of new inventions, new technologies, and adjustments to concepts, visions, and management methods as well as behaviors that have been habitually practiced There was a deviation from the usual familiarity in many dimensions.In terms of food, clothing, and hygiene, education communication, doing business, etc., these new things have become the new normal.Eventually, as time passes, it becomes familiar and becomes part of the normal way of life of people in society.Honestly, it is a characteristic that expresses adherence to correctness, behaving truthfully towards oneself and others, both physically, verbally, and mentally.Honest people are those who behave truthfully, both physically, verbally, and mentally, and adhere to the principles of truth and correctness in living their lives.They are ashamed and afraid of committing wrongdoing, which in today's society expects everyone.Have honesty and integrity like Phanmak (2018, p. 86)  13-22) stated that Desired characteristics include: 1) Have love for the nation, religion, and the king.2) Be honest, sacrifice, patient.3) Be grateful to your parents, guardians, and teachers.4) Pursue knowledge, and diligently study both directly and indirectly.5) Preserve the beautiful Thai culture and traditions.6) Have morals and maintain honesty, wish good to others, be generous and share.7) Understand and learn how to be a democracy with the King as the correct head of state.8) Be disciplined, and respect the law, young people know how to respect elders.9) Be mindful, know how to think, know how to act, know how to follow.His Majesty the King's Royal Speech His Majesty King Rama IX 10) Know how to live by using the philosophy of sufficiency economy.11) Have strength in body and mind.12) Consider the interests of the public.The said researcher places importance on honesty in life.II) Assess the necessary needs for developing desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era.In educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office, There is an improved needs prioritization index.(PNI Modified ) Overall, the value was equal to 0.335.When considering each aspect, it was found that there were 2 aspects that had higher values than the overall value, namely, aspect 4, thinking about creating innovation, with a value equal to 0.385, and aspect 6, being aware of and appreciating oneself and Others have a value equal to 0.363 respectively in the new normal era, importance should be given to thinking and creating innovation and the ability to use technology as the ability to select and use various types of technology and to have technological process skills for self-development and society in the field of learn work communication-Solving problems creatively is correct, appropriate, and has morality, desirable characteristics.The Basic Education Core Curriculum (2008) aims to develop students to have desirable characteristics so that they can live together with others in society.Happily, as a Thai citizen and a citizen of the world, these 8 things are: 1) love the nation, religion, and the king 2) be honest and honest 3) have discipline 4) be eager to learn 5) live sufficiently 6) be committed to work 7) love Being Thai and 8) having public consciousness In addition, educational institutions can determine additional desirable characteristics in accordance with their own context and focus.Emphasis should be placed on awareness and appreciation of oneself and others.There is student promotion and development as support for all students in the screening group.Whether it is a normal group of students or a group at risk, having problems, or a special ability group to have more quality and develop to its full potential have self-esteem in various aspects.This will help prevent students in the regular and special groups from becoming students at risk for problems.And it is to help students in the at-risk group who have problems.Return to being a normal group of students and continue to have quality standards that the school or community expects.There are many ways that schools can consider promoting student development.However, there are important activities that schools must carry out, namely organizing homeroom activities (Homeroom), organizing classroom parent meetings (Classroom Meetings), and organizing activities to enhance living skills.Student development activities Office of the Basic Education Commission (2007) suggested guidelines for prevention and problem-solving Teachers should give equal attention to all students.But for students in the at-risk/problem group, it is very necessary to pay close attention and find ways to help.both prevention and problem solving without neglecting students Until it becomes a problem for society Building immunity, preventing and solving student problems Therefore, it is a great task and has great value in developing students to grow.Be a quality person in society.There are many techniques and methods for preventing and solving problems for students.But what do counselors need to do?Is to provide initial consultation organize activities to prevent and solve problems Refer students to specialists Preventing and solving student problems by the advisor There may be cases where the problem is difficult to help or help and the student has Behavior does not improve It should be forwarded to a specialist.So that student problems can be solved in the right way and faster.If left to the role of the advisor or any teacher only the complexity of the problem may be greater.Or it spreads into a big problem that is difficult to solve, which the counselor can do from the process of getting to know the student individually screening students can depend on the student's problem.

Suggestions for Use
Study on conditions and necessary needs, conditions and necessary needs for developing desirable characteristics of students in the new normal era in educational institutions under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area Office.

Suggestions for Using the Study Results
1) Factors affecting the development of desired characteristics of students in the new normal era under the Nakhon Phanom Secondary Educational Service Area should be studied.
2) The characteristics of students in the new normal era should be studied and compared according to the size of the educational institution and according to learning groups 3) The results of the characteristics of students in the new normal era should be studied and compared in order to guide classroom teaching and learning.
which studied the development of indicators of desirable characteristics of students in educational institutions Under the jurisdiction of the Bangkok Primary Educational Service Area Office The results of the study found that Conditions of suitability of indicators of desired characteristics of students 60 in educational institutions were found that Appropriate indicators are classified into 8 main components, 46 indicators for developing indicators of desirable characteristics of students in educational institutions.Can be regrouped into 6 elements: Component 1: National citizenship, Component 2: Participation in society, Component 3: Consciousness of Thainess, Component 4: Honesty and honesty, Component 5: Discipline towards yourself and others, Component 6: Learning and Living and Bureau of Academic Affairs and Educational Standards (2017, pp.