On a New Source of Electromagnetic Radiation : Experimental Evidence

Electromagnetism deals with three very different types of fields: “static”, “kinematical”, and “dynamical”. Fields of the first type originate in a stationary body—charged or magnetized. Fields of the second type arise from a uniform movement of a body—also charged or magnetized. Fields of the third type arise due to the accelerated movement of a charge, for instance, in an oscillatory LC-circuit. In the present paper we offer an experimental proof for existence in nature of a dynamical source which comes entirely from another mechanism. The fundamentals of this mechanism lie in the accelerated movement of a system of elementary currents, which are responsible for the appearance of macroscopic magnetization. This finding gives rise to a new method of studying magnetic materials and their structure.


Introduction
The existence in nature of electro-kinematical fields has been proven experimentally by Rowland and Eihenwald more than century ago (Rowland, 1878;Eihenwald, 1956).The existence of magneto-kinematical fields has been proven experimentally during several recent decades (Zajev & Dokuchajev, 1964;Kelly, 2004;Leus & Zatolokin, 2006;Leus & Taylor, 2011;Taylor & Leus, 2012).At last, a theoretical substantiation was done in Leus (2013), whereby the principal difference between "kinematical" and "dynamical" fields is strictly proven on the basis of the wave equation.It became apparent that kinematical fields do not conform to the wave equation with a speed-factor neither in classical nor in relativistic cases.When a charged body moves with a constant velocity relative to the laboratory's proper coordinate system, its electric field also moves with the same velocity.The corresponding magnetic field of the electro-kinematical origin (SI units) is present in the laboratory (Rowland-Eihenwald effect).When a magnetized body moves, its permanent magnetic field also moves and corresponding electric field of the magneto-kinematical origin also exists in the laboratory (Zajev-Dokuchajev effect or Z-D effect in brief, 1964).This is just the Z-D effect that was used in our experiments.As a permanent magnet travels with a constant velocity past conducting wires, it induces electro-motive force ( ) inside them.Electromagnetic waves impinging an antenna also excite variable within it.Some bewildering special cases might occur.For example, an iron bar having sinusoidal magnetization, as it is shown in Figure 1, when moving across a straight wire induces in it an oscillatory quite similar to that excited by an impinging radio-wave.Furthermore, the commonly known "flux rule", which calculates (generated in a closed circuit) directly due to a changing magnetic flux, is a very useful tool for solving many practical problems.However, the "flux rule" is an integration procedure which summarises all details of the induction process, thereby indiscriminately combining two quite distinct types of electromagnetic induction: the motional-type (Z-D effect) and the transformer-type (Faraday law).All experiments, described below, are dedicated to discern between them.The problem of differentiating between the two types of induction was solved in our experimentation due to a convenient "yardstick"-a magnetic dipole.As a consequence, the objective reality of a new source of electromagnetic radiation has been proven.www.ccsen

Experim
A sphere embedded space.In t system of sphere.Th 183).In th where i For the e ≅ 6.0 (Figure 3  , 7 al oscilloscope the magnetic mV was then de Figure 8 ent a soft iron Figure 8a).We .Induced emf signal for iron shielding with the measuring loop located at different distances Figure 10 shows the result of the amplitude measurement for twenty two points of vertical displacement of the measuring loop relative to the top brim of the shielding tube (experiment 3).These discrete data sets are presented with smoothed lines.In addition, the previous data is presented in the discrete form.In total we have: i.
Line obtained with 5 tube shielding, ii.
Line obtained with 6 tube shielding. iii.
The horizontal dependence with 5 tube shielding divided by the length of the loop.This ratio, accounting for an increase in the source of the , gives due parity for both vertical and horizontal dependencies.

A Patent Separation Between Electro-Kinematical and Electro-Dynamical Signals
A further experiment was devised and carried out.Instead of a direct connection between the measuring loop and an oscilloscope a different method of detecting the passing magnetic signal is used and outlined below (Figure 11).The amplitude of a pulse induced in a circular loop is proportional to the inverse square of its radius (Equation 3).Therefore the electro-kinematic power decreases much more rapidly when compared to the electro-dynamic power as the distance between the measuring conductor (circular antenna) and the source of pulse (metal tube which the magnetic sphere pass through) increases (Figure 9).The maximum conducing circle we used was of 65 in diameter.At such a distance from the guide-tube the signal we are trying to observe becomes indistinguishable from the electromagnetic noise in the laboratory.For this reason we have been compelled to resort to additional circuitry before passing the signal to the oscilloscope, based on the method of active frequency filtration.
A polygonal antenna, consisting of a single turn of wire, was constructed and placed around the guide tube.A Low Pass Filter was installed in series with the antenna that rejected all high frequency interference.We established a corner frequency of 1 in order to allow passage of our signal (fundamental frequency of 500 ) but reject any small amplitude signals at frequencies above this.
An inverting amplifier circuit was used with a gain set to approximately 1000, allows a good enough resolution over the output range 9 to +9 to be able to detect very small signals of the kind we struggled to observe in previous experiments.

Comme
The main compariso very dissi condition.
, is al case the s pulses (    A shielding tube, surely, may be represented as a series of conducting rings and, as soon as the magnetized sphere is falling under the influence of gravity, eddy currents are circulating inside them.However, their contribution is not appreciable as it is evident from the obtained photographs: we have only two separated pulses without any trace of signal between.The responsibility for causing magneto-electric pulses in the effect under consideration rests with the microscopic circular currents which are a source of the macroscopic magnetic field (Ampere).When the magnetized sphere enters the shielding tube all Ampere's currents in the metal of the tube change their spatial orientation.So the very source of the electromagnetic radiation in this respect is supposedly the body of the metal screen surrounding the passing magnetized sphere.
In conclusion, we would wish to express a hope that our finding will serve not only for declaring the evidence of a new source of electromagnetic radiation but also as an instrument for studying inherent structure of magnetic materials.

Figure 14 Figure
Figure 14